Nothing is known of the writer of the book which appears last in the Old Testament save what he says in this short book. We are not even told his father’s name. Some have suggested that this was not his name, but his ministry, as it means ‘My Messenger’. I think it is safe to assume that it was his name. He is thought to be a contemporary of Nehemiah as the conditions described best correspond to that time. There are several facts which would support evidence of that. For example, the corrupt priesthood, marriage to idolaters, abuse, and failure to pay tithes, all found in the book of Nehemiah. I would consider this as a prophecy relevant to all time.
We cannot be sure when it was written but there is no mention about rebuilding the temple though he refers to the temple and it seems in view of the content of the book that it was some time after it had been rebuilt. It had been rebuilt during the time of Nehemiah and Ezra. The worship there had obviously degenerated as he talks in chapter 1:10 about shutting the doors because the offerings by the priests were unacceptable to God. It is thought that he spoke and his words were written during Nehemiah’s absence between 432 and 425 BC, and almost one hundred years after Haggai and Zechariah
The writing is firm and direct. Malachi states from the beginning and several times throughout that this is ‘The Word of The Lord’. The Lord is represented as having a conversation with his people. It is a graphic picture of the closing period of Old Testament history, showing that great reforms were necessary for the coming of the promised Messiah. It is not all dark and bleak because even though the condemnation is direct, there is light in that tremendous hope is promised. So sinful had they become, however, that God’s words seemed to have little or no impact.
It is interesting that after the words in this book, God is silent for four hundred years until John the Baptist speaks as God’s prophet. John the Baptist fulfills Malachi’s prophecy (3:1). John was also Elijah referred to in 4:5. (see Matthew 3:3; 11:10-14; 17:9-13 and the other Gospels)